With the advent of JWST, its sensitive high resolution observations at mid-infrared allows to directly image bulges. Before the evidence for the presence of bulges was indirect, through dynamics or for example by observations of submillimeter sizes found to be smaller than optical or NIR indicating dust obscured active SF in the center.

This study targeting 7 SMG, revealing the ubiquitous presence of a bulge component.  Bulges sizes 0.7±1.0 kpc + often bars and spiral arms. 6/7 galaxies show tidal features or companions.



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